Key Points:

• Look where you want to go
• Can’t see? Ferry to other side or scout, find eddy.
• Arms should stay pretty rectangular to upper body to protect shoulders (the “Box”)
• Attempt moves first in simple, low-risk situations
• It is better to go to a familiar run and make it difficult rather than stepping up to a harder river. it is a much better learning environment to push yourself on easier whitewater (catching all the eddies, surfing, boofing, etc.), basically making a class II or III run have class IV or V moves.
• You are building up a safety net of error-correction skills. This takes times and lots of pushing yourself in varied scenarios.
• Visualize where water / reactionaries will send you and account for it in your strokes and direction
• You need momentum (forward / lateral / spin) for every move.
• Forward speed can be easily turned to lateral speed in river through draws / edging.
• Choosing between strokes - choose the one that pushes you towards your goal (i.e. reverse sweep or forward sweep - choose the forward sweep if you will then need to go in that direction / whatever brings your torso in the direction it needs to go).
• Edge Control - “show bottom” to powerful water
• Keep bottom of boat flat when paddling - at least when not turning
• Paddle Dexterity - feathering / sculling - are great to practice and can save you
• Keep weight over the boat until it is clear you will tip - then drop head and outside knee
• Separation of activity (head / torso )
• Keeping active paddle in water (for maintaining tracking )
• Backward awareness - build up backward awareness for better reactions when things go sideways, so you feel more comfortable ferrying above can’t miss moves, etc. Surf backwards, force yourself to paddle backwards in low risk situations. -Back Surfing -And All Other Moves Backwards -Back Ferry
• Keep Bow Dry - Get over holes, waves, etc with lock-in, boof, etc.
• Running into rock sideways and cant prevent it? The rock is “normally” your friend. Lean into the rock (unless there is a pillow of water to deflect off of) - otherwise you might be pinned against it.
• Learn some freestyle in a freestyle boat - it is one of the fastest ways to learn
• Scouting:
  • Look at speeds / time of water flowing between obstacles
  • Get used to following verbal instructions
  • Practice memorizing sections
  • Following is a skill - get used to following, noticing moves, but staying aware if leader goes off track

Think about:

• HEAD
• BODY
• BOAT - EDGING
• PADDLE
• SPEED
• ANGLE
• ARC
• SPIN - determined by last strokes / vectors / falling off bow wake

Turning:

• Head Looks At Target (if continuing turn - head keeps looking to turn )
• Body leads turn (NOT NECESSARILY THE HEAD)
• Control every turn on the inside of the turn
• Control every turn with draw stroke

River Directions:

• Upstream / Downstream
• River Right / River Left
• Surfers Left / Surfers Right

Ferrying

Crossing the river, facing upstream

Key Points:
- Moderate angle (~20) deg to waterflow 
- Watch seamlines
- Use stirn draws/pries to keep on track - pull your tail to the paddle 
- Control your edges - keep close to flat - perhaps slightly leaned downstream

Ferry Turn

Executing a turn or change of sides when ferrying

Key Points:
- When Ferrying...
- One sweep on downstream side to initiate
- Sweep torso around dynamically and look downstream to the other side - changing edging 
- Use a bow draw to pull yourself around

Peel Out

Leaving an eddy and entering the current

Key Points:
- Get some power strokes in pointing upstream while in the eddy 
- To Ferry:
	- Leave eddy with slight edging leaning downstream
	- Transition to downstream-side only strokes or continue with power strokes
	- Flatten out boat
- To head downstream:
	- Make a sweep stroke on the upstream / shore-side to initiate turn downstream right when heading over eddy line 
	- Plant a draw stroke vertically and slightly behind the cockpit and use the draw to sail you where you want to go

Eddy Out / Pivot Turn

Leaving the current and landing in the slower, recirculating water (eddy)

Key Points:
- Look at end target
- Dont necessarily aim for uppermost portion of eddy - if recirculating eddy or waiting for others get towards rear
- Use stern draw stroke to pick-up speed
- At last second before entering -  perform sweep on downstream side to initiate
- Perform Pivot-Stroke / C-Stroke (middle draw, feather to bow draw, power stroke) when you have landed
- Dont place pivot stroke too soon (in moving water)
- Keep boat flat when pivot stroke has started so that it can glide easiest
- Lean to inside of turn 
- Edge tail in to bite-in - to stop more quickly

Tighter Eddy-Outs

Less Tight Eddy-Outs

Getting out of a hole

Boofing - Basic

Key Points:
- Edging 
- Downstream Side Plant
- Vertical Paddle Stroke 

Lean Boof

Key Points:
- push with hand and paddle
- dont lean back (dont push too hard)
- pull up knees
- push off when at desired angle
- rocker probably helps
- check depth 

Pivot Turn / Squirt (You need a river / play boat)

Seal Launch

Basic Slide

Drop Style

Key Points:
- push with hand and paddle
- dont lean back (dont push too hard)
- pull up knees
- push off when at desired angle
- rocker probably helps
- check depth 

Surfing

Crossing the river, facing upstream

Key Points:
- Low brace is preferable
- Watch seamlines
- Use stirn draws/pries to keep on track - pull your tail to the paddle 
- Control your edges - keep close to flat - perhaps slightly leaned downstream

Tips for a bombproof roll:
- Attempt First In Simpler Situations
- Then In Whitewater
- Modified Backdeck Roll For Shallow Situations
- Stay Low-Profile When Heading Underwater
- If Bracing Fails - Commit To Roll Or Sustained Brace/Deep Brace
- Feeling For Pressure On Water To Know When To Hip Snap
- Hip Snap Is The Most Important Part Of The Roll
- It Isnt About Sweeping The Paddle Through The Water But Using The Bracing To Support Hip Snap
- Keep Head Low (Forward / Side / Or Back)
- Looking At Your Paddle Until Upright Can Help 
- Learn Roll On Both Sides And From All Positions
- Use Momentum From Failed Roll Attempts - For Roll Up On Other Side
- Use Floatie (without paddle) to practice hip snap (requires you to limit pressure created with upper body) - slowly use less pressure
- Rolling in a hole - try to roll up on downstream side

C-C Roll

Sweep Roll

Backdeck Roll

Key Points:
- Commit 
- Try to kiss backdeck 
- Feather blade for push
- Use pressure between hands to get push on water the whole time 
- Side of face to water 

Modified Backdeck Roll

Roll - Exercise with Floatie

Roll - Learn Roll On Both Sides And From All Positions

Roll Tip - Use Momentum From Failed Roll Attempts - For Other Side Roll

Bombproof Roll

Test Roll / Hip-snap

Exercises

Hand Roll

Low Brace

High Brace

Elbows under the paddle
Arms in the box

Sculling in Brace

Brace Correction

Braces under Water - Exercise

Sustained Brace - Exercise

Deep Brace - Exercise

Forward Stroke

Forward Stroke - Basic

Draw Stroke

Draw Stroke - Basic

Draw Stroke - Basic - Test

Bow Draw for Pivot Turn

Bow Draw / Slalom Pivot Turn

Slip Stroke - Basic

T Stroke / Active Draw - Basic

Sculling Draw - Basic

Sweep Stroke

Forward Sweep - Basic

Reverse Sweep - Basic

C-Stroke

Offside C-Stroke

Reverse Compound -Stroke

Rope Throw - Basic

Key Points:
- Always wear solid shoes for scrambling.
- Keep bag in front of boat with easy access.
- Positioning yourself Keep in mind where they will swing to.
- Throw past person / slightly upsteam of them (things on surface swim faster).
- Hold rope for example with left hand, having rope wrap around your back and your right hand is holding the rope leading to the swimmer.
- Brace yourself (there is a lot of force during a swim).

Hand of God - Rescue

Key Points:
- Attempt first in simpler situations
- Paddle alongside
- Drop your paddle in-between
- Grab them securely (leaning over their kayak)
- Pull them upright

T - Rescue

Rescuing Boat

Self-Rescuing Boat

Using webbing

Rescuing A Boat From Others

Deepwater Rescue

Retrieving Paddle

Doubling up carried paddle

Swimming

Stay Defensive if it is shallow Swim aggressively if deeper / pool / risk of getting hit by rocks lower Curl into ball to sink deeper if dropping into a big wave / hole with big foam pile

Bailing / Swimming

Practice Swimming

Towing Person

Towing Boat

Rescuing Unconcious Person -

Tethered swimmer to rescue other

Someone Stuck in Pinned - Position

tag line across river to help someone in hole

if multiple people or secured to tree - can use “vector pull” pulling perp to line to pull them faster

Whistle Signals

One blow: ATTENTION — “Attention!” or “Look this Way!”

Two blows: STOP — “I need to stop” or “Bring the group to a stop”

Three Blows: EMERGENCY — “A paddler is in trouble” or “We have a problem”

Other Signals

Ok / Ok?

Stop - Flat Paddle

Eddy Out - Circle In The Air And Point Towards Eddy Possibility

Go Ahead - Straight Up

Go That Way - Always Point To Best Line

Warning / Help - Swinging Paddle Back And Forth

Stop and Scout

Stop and Portage

Wear Earplugs against Surfer’s Ear

Paddle Indexing

SPRAY GLUE 
KNIFE
TOOLS - ALLEN , ETC 
FOAM WITH GLUE BACKING (OUTFITTING)
ZIP TIES 

USE PLASTIC SHIMS UNDER BOLTS

I LIKE TO MAKE FOOTPLATE WIDER / PADDED


SPRAY SKIRTS WITH COMPLETELY RUBBERIZED RIM

PE MINICELL FOAM 
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32KG/M3 DENSITY MINICELL PE - 2POUT/FT3


HULL REPAIR 
	HTTPS://HELMI-SPORT.DE/EN/P/PRIJON-REPAIR-STICK-PE


GLUING MINICELL
	ROUGH UP WITH SANDPAPER COAT BOTH SIDES, LET DRY 10-15 MINUTES, WARM WITH A HAIR DRYER AND STICK. DOUBLE COAT IF YOU WANT A BOMBER JOB. LET THE FIRST COAT DRY FOR A WHILE (1/2 HOUR OR MORE). DANGEROUS FUMES AND HARD TO CLEAN UP. WEAR LATEX GLOVES AND RESPIRATOR (OR WORK IN VENTILATION)


CUTTING FOAM TO SHAPE 
	CUT AND SHAPE TO FIT ANY NEED! USE A HACK SAW BLADE, DRY WALL SAW, OR BAND SAW TO CUT. FINE TUNE SHAPE WITH A STANELY SUREFORM PLANE. A ROUTER CAN BE USED TO CARVE RELIEF SLOTS. GLUE WITH EM 89 ADHESIVE-SEALANT, ALTERNATIVELY USE DAP WELDWOOD CONTACT CEMENT FOR PADS, LEXEL FOR BULKHEADS, AS WELL AS 3M 5200 ADHESIVE SEALANT.

REPAIRING NEOPRENE LEAKS 
	AQUASURE 28G
	FLEXIBLER KLEBER ZUR REPARATUR VON NEOPREN

EXTRA ELASTIC RUBBER BANDS FOR SEAT BACK 

PUT NAME ON BOAT (ON STICKER)

CONSIDER A TRACKING DEVICE?

RASP 
SHARPIE 
DUCT TAPE 
THIN SAW - FOR GARDEN 


WATERPROOF CONTACT CEMENT ****
	HTTPS://FORUMS.PADDLING.COM/T/BEST-ADHESIVE-FOR-MINICELL-TO-PLASTIC/15877/9
	BARGE CEMENT, MONDO BONDO, SHORE ADHESIVE, SUPER STICK OUTFITTING GLUE (VOYAGEUR BRAND)AND DAP WELDWOOD (THE ORIGINAL NOT THE WATER
	EM 89

	WATERPROOF SPRAY-ON CONTACT CEMENT 3M 78

	SAYS IT WORKS WITH FOAM AND PLASTIC

BUY FOAMS IN DIFFERENT THICKNESSES 
T HANDLE 5MM WRENCH 
CLOTHED THIGH PADS?


MINICELL 
HIP PADS / HÜFTPOLSTER

EXTRA ABLASSSCHRAUBE

Green Water / Tongue / Downstream V

No Recirculation Or Aerated Water

Waves

Pillows - Where Water Builds Up On Front Side Siphon Strainer / Sieves - Underneath Rocks / Fallen Trees

Downstream V - Easier To LeavE

Upstream V - Harder To Leave - Cause You Cant Reach The “Corner”

Horizon Line

Hole / Stopper / Reversal / Hydraulic

Pourover - These Are The More Dangerous Holes Foampile Aeration Boilline ## Recirculation Stay Away From Holes Where Vertical Drop Reaches Bottom Of River (This Is A True Washing Machine) Corners (The Sides Of The Hole) Smiley Frowny Diagonal If Hole Is Powerful Enough - Bodily Injury - Difficult To Control Breathing Double-Holes - Undercut On Backside

Reactionary - Sides Of Downstream V-S - Pushes Boat Laterally

Standing Waves

Exploding Waves (Surging)

Eddies

Eddy Lines Seam Line - Where Two Currents Come Back Together

Boils

Whirlpool

Undercut - If There Is No Pillow In A Bend Or At A Rock It Is Undercut

Broaching Rocks

Getting Pinned On Submerged Or Exposed Rock